Ukuhlaziywa okujulile: I-Gabut Colour Gabut embonini yokubonisa ye-LED - I-RTYLED

1. Isingeniso

Emibukweni yamuva nje, izinkampani ezahlukahlukene zichaza amazinga we-gamut anemibala ngokuhlukile ekubonisweni kwawo, njenge-NTSC, SRGB, Adobe RGB, DCI-P3, ne-BT.2020. Lokhu kungafani kwenza kube yinselele ukuqhathanisa ngqo nedatha ye-gamut emikhakheni ehlukene, futhi kwesinye isikhathi iphaneli eline-gamut engu-65% livela i-gamut ye-75%, ebangela ukudideka okuphambili phakathi kwezithameli. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, ama-TV we-Quantum aphezulu (Qd) nama-TV anama-OLD anama-Gamuts abanzi angena emakethe. Bangabonisa imibala egqame ngokucacile. Ngakho-ke, ngithanda ukunikeza isifinyezo esibanzi samazinga we-gamut anemibala embonini yezimpawu, ngethemba lokusiza ochwepheshe bezimboni.

2. Umqondo nokubalwa kwe-gamut yombala

Okokuqala, ake ukwethula umqondo we-gamut yombala. Embonini yokubonisa, i-gamut yombala ibhekisela ebangeni lemibala engalubonisa ngayo idivaysi. Uma likhudlwana i-Gamut Colour Gabut, ebanzi ububanzi bemibala insiza engayibonisa, futhi okukwazi ngokwengeziwe kukhombisa imibala egqamile (imibala emsulwa). Ngokuvamile, i-NTSC Colour Gabut yama-TV ejwayelekile ingama-68% kuya ku-72%. I-TV enombala we-NTSC Umbala omkhulu ngaphezu kwama-92% kubhekwa njengombala ophakeme we-saturation / i-veute comut gamut (WCG) TACUT (WCG) TV, imvamisa itholakala ngobuchwepheshe obunjenge-quantum dot qled, i-oled, noma i-saclighting yombala ephezulu.

Okomuntu womuntu, umbono wombala uzimisele kakhulu, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi ulawule imibala ngokunembile ngamehlo wedwa. Ekuthuthukisweni komkhiqizo, ukuklama, kanye nokwakha, umbala kumele unqunyelwe ukufeza ukunemba nokuvumelana kokuzala kabusha. Emhlabeni wangempela, imibala ye-spectrum ebonakalayo yakha isikhala esikhulu kunazo zonke se-gamut gamut, equkethe yonke imibala ebonakalayo esweni lomuntu. Ngokubona ngokubona umqondo we-gamut yombala, ikhomishini yamazwe omhlaba ekukhanyiseni (CIE) isungule umdwebo weCie-XY Chromatic. Izixhumanisi zeChromatic ziyindinganiso yeCie ye-Colour Quansisication, okusho noma yimuphi umbala emvelweni ingavezwa njengephuzu (x, y) kumdwebo we-chromatic.

Umdwebo ongezansi ukhombisa umdwebo weCie Chromatic, lapho yonke imibala emvelweni itholakala khona ngaphakathi kwendawo eyenziwe ngehhashi. Indawo enobuntu ngaphakathi komdwebo imele i-gamut yombala. Ama-vertices kanxantathu yimibala eyinhloko (i-RGB) yedivayisi yokubonisa, nemibala engakhiwa yile mibala emithathu eyinhloko itholakala ngaphakathi konxantathu. Ngokusobala, ngenxa yokwehlukana kokuxhumanisa kombala okuyinhloko kwamadivayisi wokubonisa ahlukile, isikhundla sikanxantathu siyahlukahluka, okuholela emigqeni ehlukene yemibala. Okukhulu unxantathu, kukhudlwana i-gamut yombala. Ifomula yokubala i-gamut yombala yile:

Gamut = njenge-alcd × 100%

Lapho i-Alcd imele indawo ye-Triangle eyakhiwe ngemibala eyinhloko ye-LCD Display ilinganiswa, futhi njengoba imele indawo yokunxantathu ejwayelekile yemibala eyinhloko. Ngakho-ke, i-gamut yombala iyindlela yamaphesenti yendawo ye-gamut yemibala yokubonisa endaweni yendawo yoxantathu elijwayelekile le-Gabut Triangle, umehluko ovelayo okuvela ezixhumanisweni zemibala eyisisekelo kanye nendawo esetshenzisiwe yombala. Izikhala zombala eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswayo njengamanje ziyi-CIE 1931 xy chromatity space kanye ne-CIE 1976 U'V 'Space Space. I-gamut yombala ibalwe kulezi zindawo ezimbili ihluke kancane, kepha umehluko mncane, ngakho-ke ukwethulwa kanye neziphetho ezilandelayo kususelwa ku-CIE 1931 xy chromatic Space.

IGamut kaPointer imele uhla lwemibala yangempela yangaphandle ebonakalayo esweni lomuntu. Leli Zinga lahlongozwa ngokususelwa ocwaningweni nguMichael R. Pointer (1980) futhi lifaka iqoqo lemibala eboniswe yangempela (okungelona umuntu) ngokwemvelo. Njengoba kukhonjisiwe kumdwebo, kwakha i-gamut engajwayelekile. Uma i-gamut yombala yokubonisa ingahlanganisa ngokugcwele i-gamut ye-pointer, kubhekwa njengeyakwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha imibala yemvelo yemvelo.

Amazinga ahlukahlukene we-Gamut Garkut

I-NTSC Standard

I-NTSC Colour Garkut Standard ingenye yamazinga okuqala futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezimpawu. Uma umkhiqizo ungacacisi ukuthi yimiphi imibala ye-Gabut Standard elandela, ngokuvamile ethathwa njengokusebenzisa i-NTSC Standard. I-NTSC imele iKomidi Likazwelonke Lezolo Televishini Televishini, elasungulwa le ndlela ye-Gabut Standard ngo-1953. Ukuxhumanisa kwalo kungokulandelayo:

I-NTSC Colour Gabut ibanzi kakhulu kune-gamut yombala we-SRGB. Ifomula yokuguqulwa phakathi kwawo i- "100% srgb = 72% NTSC," okusho ukuthi izindawo ze-100% SRGB ne-72% NTSC ziyalingana ngokuphelele. Ifomula yokuguqulwa phakathi kwe-NTSC ne-Adobe RGB yi- "100% Adobe RGB = 95% NTSC." Phakathi kwalawa amathathu, i-NTSC Colour Gabut iyona ebanzi kakhulu, elandelwa yi-Adobe RGB, bese i-SRGB.

SRGB / REC.709 Colour Garkut Standard

I-SRGB (evamile ebomvu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) i-protocol yolimi yemibala eyakhiwe yi-Microsoft ne-HP ngonyaka we-1996 ukuhlinzeka ngendlela ejwayelekile yokuchaza imibala, ukuvumela ukumelwa kombala okungaguquki kuyo yonke imibukiso, amaphrinta kanye nezikena. Amadivayisi amaningi wokutholwa kwesithombe wedijithali asekela ama-SRGB Standard, njengamakhamera edijithali, amakhamera, izikena kanye nabaqaphi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe wonke amadivayisi wokuphrinta nokuhlukanisa asekela i-SRGB standard. I-Rec.709 Colour Garkut Standard iyafana ne-SRGB futhi ingabhekwa njengokulingana. I-Reseck Resect Resect Integra ebanzi yemibala ebalulekile ye-gamut, okuzoxoxwa ngayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izixhumanisi zemibala eyisisekelo ye-SRGB Standard zimi ngalendlela elandelayo:

I-SRGB iyindinganiso ephelele yokuphathwa kombala, ngoba ingamukelwa ngokufana kusuka ekuthandeni izithombe nokuskena ukukhombisa nokuphrinta. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwesikhathi lapho kuchazwa khona, i-SRGB Colour Garkut Standard incane, isembozo cishe ama-72% we-NTSC Colour Gamut. Kulezi zinsuku, ama-TV amaningi kalula adlula i-gamut yombala we-100% srgb.

I-Adobe RGB Colour Garkut Standard

I-Adobe RGB yi-Professional Colour Garkut Standard ethuthukiswe nentuthuko yobuchwepheshe bezithombe. Inesikhala sombala obanzi kune-SRGB futhi iphakanyiswe yi-Adobe ngo-1998. Kubandakanya i-CMYK Colour Gabut, engekho e-SRGB, enikezela iziqubulo ezicebile zombala. Ochwepheshe ekushicilelweni, kwezithombe, kanye nokwakheka abadinga ukulungiswa kombala okuqondile, kuboniswa okusebenzisa i-Adobe RGB Colour Gamut kufanelekile. I-CMYK yisikhala sombala esisuselwa ekuxubeni i-pigment, evame ukusetshenziswa embonini yokuphrinta futhi kuyaqabukela embonini yokubonisa.

I-DCI-P3 Colour Garkut Standard

I-DCI-P3 Colour Garkut Standard yachazwa yizinhlelo ze-digital cinema (DCI) futhi ikhishwe yiNhlangano Yesithombe Sokunyakaza Nonjiniyela bethelevishini (SMPTE) ngonyaka we-2010. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinhlelo zethelevishini namabhayisikobho. Isitebhisi se-DCI-P3 ekuqaleni sakhelwe ama-cinema ama-projektha. Izixhumanisi zemibala eyisisekelo ye-DCI-P3 Standard zimi ngalendlela elandelayo:

I-DCI-P3 ejwayelekile yabelana ngokuxhumanisa okufanayo okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nge-SRGB ne-Adobe RGB. Ukudidiyelwa kwayo okubomvu okuyisisekelo kungukuthi nge-615nm monochromatic laser, ekhanya kakhulu kune-NTSC Red Primary. I-DCI-P3 eyinhloko ye-DCI-P3 iphuzi kancane uma iqhathaniswa ne-Adobe RGB / NTSC, kepha icacile. Indawo ye-DCI-P3 Primary Colour Garkut icishe ibe ngu-90% we-NTSC Standard.

Rec.2020 / BT.2020 Colour Garkut Standard

I-Rec.2020 iyi-Television ephakeme ye-Ultra High Definition Television (UHD-TV) ehlanganisa ukucaciswa kwemibala. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, ukulungiswa kwethelevishini kanye ne-gamut yombala kuyaqhubeka ukuthuthuka, okwenza okujwayelekile kwendabuko ye-Rec.709 akwanele. Rec.2020, okuhlongozwe yi-International Telecommunication Union (ITU) ngonyaka ka-2012, inendawo ye-gamut ecishe ibe kabili kaRec.709. Izixhumanisi zemibala eyisisekelo yeRec.2020 zimi ngokulandelayo:

I-Rec.2020 Colour Garkut Standard ihlanganisa wonke amazinga e-SRGB kanye ne-Adobe RGB. Cishe ngo-0,02% we-DCI-P3 kanye ne-NTSC 1953 Colour Gututs iwela ngaphandle kweRec.2020 Colour Gamut, enganakwa. I-Rec.2020 ihlanganisa ama-99.9% we-gamut kaPointer, okwenza kube yindawo enkulu kunazo zonke ye-gamut comut phakathi kwalabo okuxoxwe ngakho. Ngenqubekela phambili yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwamukelwa okusabalele kwe-UHD TVS, i-Rec.2020 ejwayelekile izodlula kancane kancane.

Ukugcina

Lesi sihloko saqala ukwethula incazelo nencazelo yokubala ye-gamut yombala, bese echaza amazinga ajwayelekile we-gamut embonini yezimpawu futhi waqhathanisa. Ngokombono wendawo, ubudlelwano obukhulu balezi zindinganiso zemibala lemibala limi ngokulandelayo: Rec.20> NTSC> I-Adobe RGB> DCI-P3> Rec.709 / SRGB. Uma uqhathanisa amagemu wemibala emibonisweni ehlukile, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isilinganiso esifanayo nesikhala sombala ukuvikela izinombolo zokuqhathanisa ngokungaboni. Ngiyethemba ukuthi le ndatshana iyasiza kwabasebenza embonini yezimpawu. Ukuthola eminye imininingwane nge-Professional LED Ekhombisa, ngicelaXhumana ne-RTYLEDIqembu lesazi.