I-Common Anode vs. I-Common Cathode: Ukuqhathanisa Okuphelele

1. Isingeniso

Ingxenye eyinhloko yesibonisi se-LED i-light-emitting diode (LED), yona, njenge-diode evamile, enesici sokuqhuba phambili—okusho ukuthi inokubili itheminali ephozithivu (i-anode) nenegethivu (i-cathode). Ngokukhula kwezidingo zemakethe zokuboniswa kwe-LED, njengokuphila isikhathi eside, ukungaguquguquki, nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, ukusetshenziswa kwe-cathode evamile kanye nokuhlelwa kwe-anode okuvamile sekusabalele ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene. Ukukusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono lobu buchwepheshe obubili, lesi sihloko sizokunikeza ukubuka konke okunemininingwane yolwazi lwabo olufanele.

2. Umehluko Oyinhloko Phakathi Kwe-Cathode Evamile kanye ne-Common Anode

Ekusetheni i-cathode evamile, wonke ama-cathode e-LED (amatheminali angalungile) ahlanganyela ukuxhumana okufanayo, kuyilapho i-anode ngayinye ilawulwa yi-voltage. Ngokuphambene, ukucushwa okujwayelekile kwe-anode kuxhuma wonke ama-anode e-LED (amatheminali aqondile) endaweni okwabelwana ngayo, ngama-cathode angawodwana aphethwe ngokulawulwa kwamandla kagesi. Zombili izindlela zisetshenziswa ezimweni ezihlukile zokwakheka kwesekethe.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla:

Ku-anode diode evamile, i-terminal evamile ixhunywe ezingeni eliphezulu lamandla kagesi futhi ihlala isebenza noma nini lapho kudingeka khona amandla kagesi aphezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ku-cathode diode evamile, i-terminal evamile ixhunywe phansi (GND), futhi i-diode ethile kuphela idinga ukuthola i-voltage ephezulu ukuze isebenze, ngokuphumelelayo ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Lokhu kwehliswa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi kuma-LED asetshenziswa isikhathi eside, njengoba kusiza ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lesikrini.

Ubunkimbinkimbi besekethe:

Imvamisa, ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zobunjiniyela obusebenzayo, amasekethe ajwayelekile e-cathode diode avame ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kunesekhethi ezijwayelekile ze-anode diode. Ukucushwa okujwayelekile kwe-anode akudingi imigqa yamandla kagesi amaningi ukuze ushayele.

3. I-Cathode evamile

3.1 Iyini i-Common Cathode

Ukucushwa kwe-cathode evamile kusho ukuthi amatheminali angalungile (ama-cathodes) ama-LED axhunywe ndawonye. Kumjikelezo ovamile we-cathode, wonke ama-LED noma ezinye izingxenye eziqhutshwa manje zinezimbotshana zazo ezixhunywe endaweni ehlanganyelwe, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi "umhlabathi" (GND) noma i-cathode evamile.

3.2 Umgomo Wokusebenza we-Common Cathode

Ukugeleza Kwamanje:
Kusekhethi evamile ye-cathode, lapho i-terminal ephumayo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yesekethe yokulawula inikezela ngevoltheji ephezulu, ama-LED ahambisanayo noma ama-anode ezingxenye ayavulwa. Kuleli qophelo, okwamanje kugeleza kusuka ku-cathode evamile (GND) kuya kulezi zici ezicushiwe, okuzibangela ukuba zikhanyise noma zenze imisebenzi yazo ngokulandelana kwazo.

Control Logic:
Isifunda sokulawula silawula isimo se-LED ngayinye noma ezinye izingxenye (zivuliwe noma zivaliwe, noma ezinye izimo ezisebenzayo) ngokushintsha ileveli ye-voltage (phezulu noma ephansi) kumatheminali ayo okukhiphayo. Kumjikelezo we-cathode evamile, izinga eliphezulu ngokuvamile libonisa ukuqalisa (ukukhanyisa noma ukwenza umsebenzi), kuyilapho izinga eliphansi libonisa ukuvala (hhayi ukukhanyisa noma ukungenzi umsebenzi).

4. I-anode evamile

4.1Yini i-Common Anode

Ukucushwa okujwayelekile kwe-anode kusho ukuthi amatheminali amahle (ama-anode) ama-LED axhunywe ndawonye. Kumjikelezo onjalo, zonke izingxenye ezihlobene (njengama-LED) zine-anode yazo exhunywe endaweni evamile ye-anode, kuyilapho i-cathode yengxenye ngayinye ixhunywe kumatheminali ahlukene okukhiphayo wesifunda sokulawula.

4.2 Umgomo Wokusebenza we-Common Anode

Ukulawula Kwamanje:
Kumjikelezo ovamile we-anode, lapho i-terminal eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yokuphuma kwesifunda sokulawula ihlinzeka nge-voltage ephansi, indlela iyakhiwa phakathi kwe-cathode ye-LED ehambisanayo noma ingxenye kanye ne-anode evamile, okuvumela okwamanje ukuthi kugeleze kusuka ku-anode kuya ku-cathode, okwenza ingxenye ukuthi ikhanyise noma yenze umsebenzi wayo. Ngokuphambene, uma i-terminal ephumayo iku-voltage ephezulu, i-current ayikwazi ukudlula, futhi ingxenye ayikhanyi.

Ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla kagesi:
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nezibonisi ze-anode ezijwayelekile ze-LED, njengoba wonke ama-anode e-LED axhunywe ndawonye, ​​abelana ngomthombo ofanayo wamandla kagesi. Kodwa-ke, i-cathode ye-LED ngayinye ilawulwa ngokuzimela, ivumela ukulawula okunembayo phezu kokukhanya kwe-LED ngayinye ngokulungisa i-voltage ephumayo kanye namanje kusuka kumjikelezo wokulawula.

5. Izinzuzo ze-Common Anode

5.1 Ikhono Lamanje Lokukhipha Okuphezulu

Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile zesekethe ye-anode ziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa zinamandla okukhiphayo aphezulu. Lesi sici senza amasekhethi e-anode ajwayelekile afanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuphuma kwamandla aphezulu, njengezintambo zokudlulisa amandla noma izishayeli ze-LED ezinamandla amakhulu.

5.2 Ukulinganisa Okuhle Kakhulu Komthwalo

Kumjikelezo we-anode ojwayelekile, njengoba zonke izingxenye zabelana ngephuzu elivamile le-anode, ukukhishwa kwamanje kusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo phakathi kwezingxenye. Leli khono lokulinganisa umthwalo lisiza ukunciphisa izinkinga zokungafani, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele nokuzinza kwesekhethi.

5.3 Ukuvumelana nezimo kanye ne-Scalability

Imiklamo evamile ye-anode circuit ivumela ukungezwa okuguquguqukayo noma ukususwa kwezingxenye ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulungiswa okubalulekile kwesakhiwo sesifunda sonke. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo nokulinganisa kunikeza inzuzo ecacile ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinkulu.

5.4 Idizayini Yesekhethi eyenziwe Lula

Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, isekethe ye-anode evamile ingenza kube lula ukwakheka okuphelele kwesekethe. Isibonelo, uma ushayela ama-LED angamalungu afanayo noma izibonisi ze-7-segment, isifunda se-anode esivamile singalawula izingxenye eziningi ezinamaphinikhodi ambalwa nokuxhumana, ukunciphisa ubunkimbinkimbi bomklamo kanye nezindleko.

5.5 Ukuzijwayelana Namasu Ahlukahlukene Okulawula

Amasekhethi ajwayelekile e-anode angamukela amasu ahlukahlukene okulawula. Ngokulungisa amasignali okukhipha kanye nesikhathi sesifunda sokulawula, ukulawulwa okunembile kwengxenye ngayinye kumjikelezo we-anode evamile kungafinyelelwa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza.

5.6 Ukwethenjwa Kwesistimu Okuthuthukisiwe

Idizayini yamasekhethi e-anode avamile igcizelela ukulinganisa komthwalo kanye nokusabalalisa kwamanje okulungiselelwe, okunikela ekuthembekeni okupheleleyo kwesistimu. Ekusebenzeni kwesikhathi eside kanye nezimo zomthwalo ophezulu, izifunda ezivamile ze-anode zigcina ukusebenza okuzinzile, zinciphisa izinga lokuhluleka kanye nezindleko zokulondoloza.

6.Amathiphu Okusetha Okujwayelekile kwe-Anode

Qinisekisa ukuthi i-voltage ye-anode evamile izinzile futhi iphakeme ngokwanele ukushayela zonke izingxenye ezixhunyiwe.

Dizayina i-voltage ephumayo kanye nobubanzi bamanje bomjikelezo wokulawula ngendlela efanele ukuze ugweme izinto ezilimazayo noma ukwehlisa izinga lokusebenza.

Naka izici zokwehla kwamandla kagesi oya phambili ama-LED futhi uqinisekise imajini yevoltheji eyanele ekwakhiweni.

7. Izinzuzo ze-Common Cathode

7.1 Amandla Aphezulu Amandla

Amasekhethi ajwayelekile e-cathode angahlanganisa amasignali okukhiphayo emishini kagesi eminingi, okuholela emandleni aphezulu okukhiphayo. Lokhu kwenza amasekethe e-cathode ajwayelekile abe nenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezimeni zokuphuma kwamandla aphezulu.

7.2 Ukuhlukahluka

Amatheminali okokufaka nokukhiphayo wesekethe evamile ye-cathode angaxhunywa ngokukhululekile, okuvumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokuguquguqukayo kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene kagesi. Lokhu kuguquguquka kunikeza amasekethe e-cathode ajwayelekile anezinhlelo ezibanzi emkhakheni wobunjiniyela be-elekthronikhi.

7.3 Ukulungisa Kalula

Ngokulungisa izingxenye ezinjengama-resistors noma ama-transformers kumjikelezo, isimo sokusebenza namandla esignali yokuphuma kwesifunda se-cathode esivamile singashintshwa kalula. Lokhu kulula ukulungisa kwenza amasekhethi avamile e-cathode adume ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukulawulwa okunembile kwamasignali okukhiphayo.

7.4 Ukulawula Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla

Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokubonisa i-LED, amasekethe ajwayelekile e-cathode angakwazi ukusabalalisa i-voltage ngokunembile, anciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngempumelelo. Lokhu kufinyelelwa ngenxa yokuthi amasekhethi avamile e-cathode avumela ukutholakala kwamandla kagesi aqondile ngokwezidingo eziqondile ze-LED ngayinye, aqede isidingo sama-resistors ahlukanisa ama-voltage futhi anciphise ukulahleka kwamandla okungadingekile nokukhiqiza ukushisa. Isibonelo, ubuchwepheshe obuvamile be-cathode bunganciphisa i-voltage yokusebenza yama-chips e-LED ukusuka ku-4.2-5V ukuya ku-2.8-3.3V ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukukhanya noma ukusebenza kwesibonisi, okunciphisa ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwezibonisi ze-LED ezinephimbo elihle ngaphezu kuka-25%.

7.5 Ukusebenza Kwesibonisi Okuthuthukisiwe Nozinzo

Ngenxa yokuncipha kokusetshenziswa kwamandla, amasekhethi avamile e-cathode ehlisa izinga lokushisa lesikrini sonke. Ukuzinza nokuphila kwama-LED ahambisana nezinga lokushisa; ngakho-ke, amazinga okushisa esikrini aphansi aholela ekuthembekeni okuphezulu nempilo ende yezibonisi ze-LED. Ukwengeza, ubuchwepheshe obuvamile be-cathode bunciphisa inani lezingxenye ze-PCB, buthuthukise ngokwengeziwe ukuhlanganiswa kwesistimu nokuzinza.

7.6 Ukulawula Okunembe

Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukulawula okunembile kwama-LED amaningi noma ezinye izingxenye, njengezibonisi ze-LED nezibonisi zezingxenye ezingu-7, amasekhethi avamile e-cathode anika amandla ukulawula okuzimele kwengxenye ngayinye. Leli khono lokulawula ukunemba lenza amasekhethi avamile e-cathode aphumelele kukho kokubili ukusebenza kwesibonisi nokusebenza.

8. Amathiphu Avamile Wokusetha I-Cathode

Uma usebenzisa izibonisi ezijwayelekile ze-cathode 7-segment, gwema ukuthintana ngqo nendawo bese uphatha izikhonkwane ngokucophelela. Naka izinga lokushisa le-soldering kanye nesikhathi sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ye-soldering. Futhi, qinisekisa ukuthi i-voltage yokusebenza kanye ne-current kumeshanisiwe, ugaye i-cathode evamile kahle, futhi ucabangele ikhono lokushayela le-microcontroller kanye nokulawula ukubambezeleka. Ukwengeza, naka ifilimu evikelayo, ukuhambisana nesimo sohlelo lokusebenza, nokuzinza kokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile nokuphila okunwetshiwe kwesibonisi esivamile se-cathode 7-segment.

9. Indlela Yokuhlonza I-Common Cathode vs. Common Anode

9.1 Bheka izikhonkwane ze-LED:

Ngokuvamile, iphinikhodi elifushane le-LED yi-cathode, futhi iphinikhodi elide yi-anode. Uma i-microcontroller ixhuma izikhonkwane ezinde ndawonye, ​​isebenzisa ukucushwa kwe-anode okuvamile; uma izikhonkwane ezinde zixhunywe kumachweba we-IO we-microcontroller, kusetshenziswa ukucushwa kwe-cathode okuvamile.

9.2 Amandla kagesi kanye nesimo se-LED

Kuyo i-LED efanayo, ene-voltage efanayo yokuphuma kwembobo, uma okuthi “1″ ikhanyisa i-LED futhi “0” iyicime, ibonisa ukucushwa kwe-cathode okuvamile. Uma kungenjalo, kuwukucushwa kwe-anode okuvamile.

Kafushane, ukunquma ukuthi ingabe isilawuli esincane sisebenzisa i-cathode evamile noma ukulungiselelwa kwe-anode okuvamile kuhilela ukuhlola indlela yokuxhuma i-LED, isimo sokuvula/sokuvalwa kwe-LED, kanye ne-voltage ephumayo yembobo. Ukukhomba ukucushwa okulungile kubalulekile ukuze kulawulwe kahle ama-LED noma ezinye izingxenye zokubonisa.

Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngezibonisi ze-LED,xhumana nathi manje. I-RTLEDizophendula imibuzo yakho.