1. Intshayelelo
Kumboniso wamva nje, iinkampani ezahlukileyo zichaza imigangatho yemibala yemibala eyahlukileyo kwimiboniso yazo, njenge-NTSC, i-SRGB, iAdobe RB, i-DCI-P3, kunye ne-bt.200. Lo mmangaliso wenza ukuba lucelomngeni ngokuthe ngqo ukuthelekisa idatha yeMibala kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iPaneli yeMibala yeMibala ye-62% ibangela ukudideka kombala wama-72%, kubangela ukudideka kwabaphulaphuli. Ngokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji, ngakumbi i-DOT (QD) tvs kunye neTV ekhutshiweyo ngemibala ebandayo ingena kwintengiso. Banokubonisa imibala ebonakalayo. Yiyo loo nto, ndingathanda ukubonelela ngesishwankathelo esibanzi semigangatho yemibala yemibala kwishishini lokubonisa, ngethemba lokufumana iingcali zoncedo.
2. Ingqondo kunye nokubalwa kweMibala
Okokuqala, masingenise umxholo we-Galout yombala. Kwishishini lokubonisa, umbala wengca ibhekisa kuluhlu lwemibala esinokubonisa isixhobo. Inkulumbuso ye-GAMOT, i-gestrier uluhlu lwemibala Isixhobo sinokubonisa, kwaye okukhona kuyakwakhona ngokubonisa imibala ecacileyo (imibala enyulu). Ngokubanzi, i-NTSC yombala we-gesut yeTV yamaTTs ijikeleze i-68% ukuya kwi-72%. I-TV enemibala ye-NTSC enkulu kune-92% ithathelwa ingqalelo i-TV ePhezulu yoMbala / i-GARD GAMT
Ngeliso lomntu, ukujonga umbala kubaluleke kakhulu, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo imibala ngamehlo kuphela. Kumveliso wemveliso, uyilo, kunye nemveliso, umbala kufuneka ulungelelaniswe ukufezekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokungaguquguquki ngokuvelisa imibala. Kwilizwe lokwenyani, imibala ye-shoctrium ebonakalayo yenze eyona ndawo iphambili yengca, equkethe yonke imibala ebonakalayo kwiliso lomntu. Ukubonisa into ebonisa umxholo we-Games Gamut, ikhomishini yamazwe aphesheya (i-cie) yaseka umzobo weCie-Xy chromatity. Ukulungelelaniswa kwe-chromaticity ngumgangatho we-cie ye-cie ye-cie, intsingiselo nayiphi na imibala kwindalo inokumelwa njengenqaku (x, Y) kumzobo we chromatity.
Umzobo ongezantsi ubonakalisa umzobo weCie chromatity, apho yonke imibala kwindalo ikwindawo eyakhiwe yihashe. Indawo enxantathu ngaphakathi komzobo imele umbala wokulala. I-protherices yonxantathu yimibala ephambili (i-RGB) yesixhobo somboniso, kwaye imibala enokuthi iywe yile mibala mithathu iphambili iqulethwe ngaphakathi konxantathu. Kuyabonakala ukuba, ngenxa yantlukwano kunxibelelwano oluphambili lwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokubonisa, isikhundla senxantathu siyahluka, sikhokelela kwimidlalo eyahlukeneyo yemibala. Inkulu yonxantathu, inkulu i-Galout. Ifomula yokubala i-Galout yombala yile:
Gamut = njenge-ALCD × 100%
Apho i-ALCD imele indawo yonxantathu olwenziwe yimibala ephambili ye-LCD ilinganiswe, kwaye imela indawo yoxantathu osemgangathweni wemibala ephambili. Ke, i-Games Gamut liyipesenti yomlinganiselo wendawo yendawo ye-Galout ukuya kwindawo yomgangatho wemibala emiselweyo ye-Games, enomahluko ochaziweyo ochaziweyo. Iindawo eziphambili zemibala ephambili ngoku ziyi-CIe 1931 xy chromaticity indawo kunye ne-cie 1976 Umbala webala. I-GAMO YOKUGQIBELA Ibaliwe kwezi ndawo zimbini zahlukile kancinane, kodwa umahluko mncinci, ke le nto ilandelayo intshatsheli kunye nezigqibo zisekwe kwi-CIE 1931 chromaticity indawo.
Ingca yePointer imele uluhlu lwemibala yokwenyani ebonakalayo esweni lomntu. Lo mgangatho ucetyelwe ngokusekwe kuphando nguMichael R. Isikhombisi (1980) kwaye sibandakanya ukuqokelelwa kwemibala yokwenyani (engeyiyo eyenziwe ngokwakho) kwindalo. Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-diagram, iyimidlalo engaqhelekanga. Ukuba umbala womboniso womboniso unokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo i-pointer ye-pointer, ithathelwa ingqalelo ukuba ikwazi ukuvelisa ngokuchanekileyo imibala yendalo.
Imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yemibala yemibala
Umgangatho we-NTSC
Umgangatho we-NTSC wombala yenye yezona zinto zangaphambili neyona isetyenzisiweyo kakhulu kwishishini lokubonisa. Ukuba imveliso ayichazi ukuba yeyiphi imigangatho yengcakalo elandelayo, icingelwa ukuba isebenzise umgangatho we-NTSC. I-NTSC imele iKomiti yeMigangatho yeMigangatho yeLizwe yeTV yeTV yeTV yeTV, esungula le meko yeMibala yeMibala ngo-1953. Ukulungelelaniswa kwayo zezi zilandelayo:
Ingcakalo ye-NTSC ye-NTSC ibanzi kakhulu kune-SRGB yombala we-SRGB. Ifomula yokuguqula phakathi kwabo yi "100% ye-SRGB = i-72% ye-NTSC," ekuthetha ukuba iindawo ezi-100% ze-SRGB kunye ne-72% ye-NTSC zilingana ngokupheleleyo. Ifomula yokuguqula phakathi kwe-NTSC kunye ne-Adobe RB yi "100% Adobe RGB = 95% NTSC." Phakathi kwezi zintathu, i-NTSC yebala le-gemut yobukrakra, elandelwa yiAdobe RGB, emva koko i-SRGB.
I-SRGB / Re.709 imigangatho yeMigangatho yeMibala
I-SRGB (i-Red Green Green eluhlaza) ngumgaqo-nkqubo wolwimi olwenziwe nguMicrosoft kunye ne-HP ngo-1996 ukubonelela ngendlela ebonisa imibala emiselweyo, ivumela abashicileli bemibala engaguqukiyo ngaphesheya, abashicileli, kunye neskena. Uninzi lwezixhobo zokufumana imifanekiso yedijithali ixhasa imigangatho ye-SRGB, ezinje ngeekhamera zedijithali, iiCamcorders, iskena, kunye nabahloni. Ukongeza, phantse konke ukuprintwa kunye nezixhobo zeprojecting zixhasa umgangatho we-SRGB. I-Rev.709 IMigangatho yeMigangatho yeMigangatho iyafana ne-SRGB kwaye inokuthathwa njengezilinganayo. Umgangatho wokuhlaziywa ohlaziyiweyo.2020 Umgangatho unemibala ephambili ye-GART, eya kuthi ixutyushwe kamva. Ulungelelwaniso lombala ophambili kumgangatho we-SRGB ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
I-SRGB ngumgangatho opheleleyo wolawulo lwemibala, njengoko kunokuba yinto efanayo ekufuphi nokufota kunye nokuskena ukubonisa nokuprinta. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokusikelwa umda wexesha apho kuchaziwe, imigangatho ye-MRBGB yombala incinci, igubungela malunga neepesenti ezingama-72 ze-NTSC yombala we-NTSC. Kule mihla, uninzi lweTV lungaphezulu kwe-100% ye-SRGB ye-SRGB.
I-Adobe RGB iMigangatho yeMigangatho
I-Adobe RGB ngumgangatho wombala wengcakalo ophuhlisiweyo kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji yokufota. Inendawo yombala obanzi kune-SRGB kwaye icetywayo yi-Adobe ngo-1998. Ibandakanya umbala weCMYK we-CMYK, ekhokelela kwi-SRGB, ebanika imibala enesityebi. Abachwephesha ekuprinta, ukufota, kunye noyilo oludinga uhlengahlengiso lombala ochanekileyo, imiboniso isebenzisa i-Adobe RGB yombala ye-Adobe Rout ifanelekile ngakumbi. I-CMYK ikwindawo yombala esekwe kwi-pigment yokuxuba, isetyenziswa rhoqo kwishishini lokuprinta kwaye kunqabile kwishishini lokubonisa.
IMigangatho yeMigangatho ye-DCI
Umgangatho we-DCI-P3 Faka umbala wemigangatho ye-gegital ichazwa ngamanyathelo amashishini e-Dinema yedijithali (i-DCI) kwaye akhutshwe nguMbutho weMicimbi yoMfanekiso oJongiweyo kunye neenjineli zikamabonwakude (i-SMPTE) ngo-2010. Isetyenziselwa ii-cines. Umgangatho we-DCI-P3 wawumiselwe kwasekuqaleni i-rinemaistans. Unxibelelaniso oluPhakamileyo loMbala we-DCI-P3 imigangatho emi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
I-DCI-P3 iZabelo zeDCCI-P3 ISAHLUKO SEPHEPHA LOKUQALA NGE-SRGB kunye neAdobe RGB. Ukulungelelaniswa kweprayimari yeprayimari yile ye-615nm ye-monochromatic lar, ecace ngakumbi kune-NTSC Red Prayimari. I-Glovery Primary ye-DCI-P3 ityheli ityheli ethelekiswa neAdobe RGB / NTSC, kodwa icacile. Ingingqi ye-DCI-P3 yombala ye-DCCUT imalunga neepesenti ezingama-90 zomsebenzi we-NTSC.
Re.2020 / BT.2020
I-Ref.2020 yi-Tectra ephezulu yeTV (i-UHD-TV) ebandakanya imibala kwiNgcaciso yoMbala. Ngokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji, isisombululo somabonwakude kunye ne-GAMOT SORT uqhubeke nokuphucula, ukwenza i-Rep.709 ye-Rectual Dectual Decges. Re.2020, icetywayo yi-International TeleComUnity Union (ITU) ngo-2012, inendawo yemibala yengca phantse kabini ye-real.709. Unxibelelaniso oluPhakamileyo lweMibala kwi-res.2020 imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
I-Arti.2020 yemibala yengcakalo igubungela yonke i-SRBG ye-SRGB kunye ne-Adobe RGB. Kuphela yi-0.02% ye-DCI-P3 kunye ne-NTSC 1953 imibala emilo yebala iwa ngaphandle kwe-Art.2020 ye-GOROOT, engaqondakaliyo. I-Re..2020 igubungela i-99.9% yeMisi yePointer, esenza ukuba ibe yeyona migangatho inkulu yengcakathi phakathi kwabaxumi. Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kunye nokwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwe-UHD iTV, i-Rev.2020 imigangatho iya kuthi ixhaswe ngokuthe ngcembe.
Ukuqukumbela
Eli nqaku laqala lazisa inkcazo kunye nendlela yokubala indlela yebala lemibala, emva koko icacisa imigangatho yemibala eqhelekileyo yeMicimbi yeMicimbi yeMicimbi yeMicimbi yeMicimbi yokubonisa kwaye ithelekiswa. Ukusuka kwindawo efanelekileyo, ubungakanani bemilinganiselo yemibala yemibala yemibala yemibala imile: tes.202020202020202020202020202> I-Adobe RGB> I-DCI-200> i-SRGB. Xa uthelekisa iingcungcutheka zemibala kwimiboniso eyahlukileyo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inyathelo elifanayo kunye nendawo yemibala yokuphepha ukuthembela ngokungafanelekanga. Ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku liluncedo kwiingcali kwishishini lokubonisa. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nemiboniso ye-LED ye-LED, ncedaNxibelelanaIqela leengcali.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UJUL-15-2024