1. Mawu Oyamba
Chigawo chapakati cha chiwonetsero cha LED ndi kuwala kotulutsa diode (LED), yomwe, ngati diode yokhazikika, imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a kutsogolo - kutanthauza kuti ili ndi ma terminal (anode) ndi negative (cathode). Ndi kuchuluka kwamisika komwe kumafuna zowonetsera za LED, monga kutalika kwa moyo, kusasinthika, komanso kuwongolera mphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito cathode wamba ndi masinthidwe wamba a anode kwafala kwambiri pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana. Kukuthandizani kumvetsetsa bwino matekinoloje awiriwa, nkhaniyi ipereka chidule cha chidziwitso chawo chofunikira.
2. Kusiyana Kwakukulu Pakati pa Common Cathode ndi Common Anode
Pakukhazikitsa wamba kwa cathode, ma cathode onse a LED (negative terminals) amagawana kulumikizana kofanana, pomwe anode iliyonse imayang'aniridwa ndi voliyumu. Mosiyana ndi izi, masinthidwe wamba a anode amalumikiza ma anode onse a LED (ma terminals abwino) kumalo ogawana, ndi ma cathode omwe amayendetsedwa kudzera pamagetsi. Njira zonsezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamikhalidwe yosiyana ya mapangidwe a dera.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu:
Mu anode diode wamba, cholumikizira wamba chimalumikizidwa ndi mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri wamagetsi ndipo chimakhala chogwira ntchito nthawi zonse pakafunika mphamvu yamagetsi. Kumbali inayi, mu cathode diode wamba, terminal wamba imalumikizidwa pansi (GND), ndipo diode yokhayo imafunikira kulandila voteji yayikulu kuti igwire ntchito, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera. Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu uku ndikopindulitsa makamaka kwa ma LED omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa amathandizira kuchepetsa kutentha kwa skrini.
Kuvuta kwa Dera:
Nthawi zambiri, pamagwiritsidwe ntchito aukadaulo, mabwalo wamba a cathode diode amakhala ovuta kuposa mabwalo wamba a anode diode. Kukonzekera kofala kwa anode sikufuna mizere yambiri yamagetsi yoyendetsa galimoto.
3. Common Cathode
3.1 Kodi Common Cathode ndi chiyani?
Kukonzekera kwa cathode wamba kumatanthauza kuti ma terminals olakwika (ma cathodes) a ma LED amalumikizidwa palimodzi. Mu dera lodziwika bwino la cathode, ma LED onse kapena zigawo zina zomwe zimayendetsedwa panopa zimakhala ndi ma cathodes awo ogwirizana ndi malo omwe amagawana nawo, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "ground" (GND) kapena cathode wamba.
3.2 Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito ya Common Cathode
Mayendedwe Panopa:
Mu dera wamba cathode, pamene mmodzi kapena angapo linanena bungwe malo olamulira dera kupereka voteji mkulu, lolingana LEDs kapena zigawo zikuluzikulu 'anode adamulowetsa. Panthawiyi, madzi akuyenda kuchokera ku cathode wamba (GND) kupita ku anode omwe asinthidwa, kuwapangitsa kuyatsa kapena kuchita ntchito zawo.
Control Logic:
Dongosolo lowongolera limawongolera mawonekedwe amtundu uliwonse wa LED kapena zida zina (zoyatsa kapena kuzimitsa, kapena madera ena ogwirira ntchito) posintha mulingo wamagetsi (okwera kapena otsika) pazotulutsa zake. Mu dera lodziwika bwino la cathode, mlingo wapamwamba umasonyeza kutsegula (kuyatsa kapena kugwira ntchito), pamene mlingo wochepa umasonyeza kutsekedwa (osati kuyatsa kapena kusagwira ntchito).
4. Common Anode
4.1Kodi Common Anode ndi chiyani
Kukonzekera kofanana kwa anode kumatanthauza kuti ma terminals abwino (anode) a ma LED amalumikizidwa palimodzi. Mudera lotere, zigawo zonse zokhudzana (monga ma LED) zimakhala ndi anode olumikizidwa ku malo wamba a anode, pomwe cathode ya chigawo chilichonse imalumikizidwa ndi magawo osiyanasiyana agawo lowongolera.
4.2 Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito ya Common Anode
Kuwongolera Panopa:
Mu dera wamba anode, pamene mmodzi kapena angapo linanena bungwe malo olamulira dera kupereka otsika voteji, njira analengedwa pakati pa cathode la lolingana LED kapena chigawo chimodzi ndi wamba anode, kulola panopa kuyenda kuchokera anode kuti cathode, kupangitsa kuti chinthucho chiwale kapena kuchita ntchito yake. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati chotulukapo chili pamagetsi apamwamba, magetsi sangathe kudutsa, ndipo chigawocho sichiyatsa.
Kugawa kwa Voltage:
M'mapulogalamu ngati mawonedwe wamba a anode LED, popeza ma LED onse amalumikizidwa palimodzi, amagawana gwero lomwelo lamagetsi. Komabe, cathode iliyonse ya LED imayendetsedwa paokha, kulola kuwongolera bwino kwa kuwala kwamtundu uliwonse wa LED posintha mphamvu yamagetsi ndi yapano kuchokera pagawo lowongolera.
5. Ubwino wa Common Anode
5.1 Kuthekera Kwambiri Pakalipano
Magawo amtundu wa anode ndi ovuta, koma ali ndi mphamvu zochulukirapo. Chikhalidwe ichi chimapangitsa mabwalo wamba a anode kukhala oyenera ntchito zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zambiri, monga mizere yotumizira mphamvu kapena madalaivala amphamvu kwambiri a LED.
5.2 Kuwongolera Kwabwino Kwambiri
M'dera la anode wamba, popeza zigawo zonse zimagawana mfundo yofanana ya anode, zomwe zimatuluka zimagawidwa mofanana pakati pa zigawozo. Kuthekera kolemetsa kumeneku kumathandizira kuchepetsa kusagwirizana, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito komanso kukhazikika kwa dera.
5.3 Kusinthasintha ndi Scalability
Mapangidwe amtundu wa anode wamba amalola kuwonjezereka kosinthika kapena kuchotsedwa kwa zigawo popanda kufunikira kosintha kwakukulu pamagawo onse ozungulira. Kusinthasintha uku ndi scalability kumapereka mwayi womveka bwino mu machitidwe ovuta komanso ntchito zazikulu.
5.4 Mapangidwe Ozungulira Osavuta
M'mapulogalamu ena, dera wamba la anode limatha kufewetsa kapangidwe kake ka dera. Mwachitsanzo, poyendetsa magulu a LED kapena mawonedwe a 7-segment, dera lodziwika bwino la anode lingathe kulamulira zigawo zingapo ndi mapini ochepa ndi maulumikizidwe, kuchepetsa mapangidwe ovuta komanso mtengo.
5.5 Kusintha kwa Njira Zosiyanasiyana Zowongolera
Mabwalo wamba a anode amatha kukhala ndi njira zingapo zowongolera. Mwa kusintha ma siginecha otulutsa ndi nthawi yanthawi yowongolera, kuwongolera kolondola kwa gawo lililonse lagawo la anode wamba kumatha kukwaniritsidwa kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira zosiyanasiyana.
5.6 Kudalirika Kwadongosolo Kwadongosolo
Mapangidwe a mabwalo wamba a anode amagogomezera kusanja kwa katundu ndi kugawa bwino kwapano, zomwe zimathandizira kudalirika kwadongosolo lonse. Pakugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kulemedwa kwakukulu, mabwalo wamba a anode amakhalabe okhazikika, amachepetsa kulephera komanso ndalama zosamalira.
6.Maupangiri Okhazikika a Anode
Onetsetsani kuti voliyumu wamba ya anode ndiyokhazikika komanso yokwera mokwanira kuyendetsa zida zonse zolumikizidwa.
Konzani ma voliyumu otulutsa ndi kuchuluka kwapano pagawo lowongolera moyenera kuti mupewe kuwononga zida kapena kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito.
Ganizirani za kutsika kwa magetsi akutsogolo kwa ma LED ndikuwonetsetsa kuti magetsi akukwanira pamapangidwewo.
7. Ubwino wa Common Cathode
7.1 Kutha Kwamphamvu Kwambiri
Mabwalo wamba a cathode amatha kuphatikiza ma siginecha amagetsi angapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu zambiri zotulutsa. Izi zimapangitsa mabwalo amtundu wa cathode kukhala opindulitsa kwambiri pamawonekedwe amphamvu kwambiri.
7.2 Kusinthasintha
Malo olowera ndi otulutsa a cathode wamba amatha kulumikizidwa mwaufulu, kulola kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito mosavuta pazida zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumapereka mabwalo wamba a cathode okhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'munda waukadaulo wamagetsi.
7.3 Kusavuta Kusintha
Ndi kusintha zigawo zikuluzikulu monga resistors kapena thiransifoma mu dera, ntchito boma ndi linanena bungwe mphamvu chizindikiro cha wamba cathode dera akhoza kusinthidwa mosavuta. Kusintha kosavuta kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti mabwalo amtundu wa cathode adziwike pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kuwongolera bwino kwa ma siginecha.
7.4 Kuwongolera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu
M'mawonekedwe a LED, mabwalo wamba a cathode amatha kugawa magetsi, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera. Izi zimatheka chifukwa mabwalo wamba a cathode amalola kuti magetsi aziyenda molunjika malinga ndi zofunikira zamtundu uliwonse wa LED, kuthetsa kufunikira kwa ma voltages ogawa ma voltages ndikuchepetsa kutayika kwamagetsi kosafunikira komanso kupanga kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, umisiri wamba wa cathode ukhoza kuchepetsa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito tchipisi ta LED kuchokera ku 4.2-5V kupita ku 2.8-3.3V popanda kukhudza kuwala kapena mawonekedwe, zomwe zimachepetsa mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonetsera bwino za LED kuposa 25%.
7.5 Mawonekedwe Owoneka bwino ndi Kukhazikika
Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu yamagetsi, mabwalo wamba a cathode amachepetsa kutentha kwa skrini. Kukhazikika ndi kutalika kwa moyo wa ma LED ndizosiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi kutentha; chifukwa chake, kutentha kwapansi kwa skrini kumabweretsa kudalirika kwambiri komanso moyo wautali wa zowonetsera za LED. Kuphatikiza apo, ukadaulo wamba wa cathode umachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zigawo za PCB, kupititsa patsogolo kuphatikizana kwadongosolo komanso kukhazikika.
7.6 Kuwongolera Molondola
M'mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kuwongolera kolondola kwa ma LED angapo kapena zida zina, monga zowonetsera za LED ndi zowonetsera magawo 7, mabwalo wamba a cathode amathandizira kuwongolera paokha pagawo lililonse. Kuwongolera kolondola kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti ma cathode azizungulira aziyenda bwino pamawonekedwe onse ndi magwiridwe antchito.
8. Maupangiri Okhazikika a Cathode
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mawonedwe wamba a cathode 7-segment, pewani kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi pamwamba ndikugwira zikhomo mosamala. Samalani kutentha kwa soldering ndi nthawi kuti mutsimikizire mtundu wa soldering. Komanso, onetsetsani kuti magetsi ogwiritsira ntchito ndi apano akugwirizana, tsitsani cathode wamba bwino, ndikuganiziranso kuyendetsa bwino kwa microcontroller ndikuwongolera kuchedwa. Kuonjezera apo, tcherani khutu ku filimu yotetezera, kugwirizanitsa ndi zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito, komanso kukhazikika kwa kusakanikirana kwadongosolo kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino komanso nthawi yayitali ya chiwonetsero cha cathode 7-gawo.
9. Momwe Mungadziwire Common Cathode vs. Common Anode
9.1 Yang'anani zikhomo za LED:
Nthawi zambiri, pini yaifupi ya LED ndi cathode, ndipo pini yayitali ndi anode. Ngati microcontroller ikugwirizanitsa zikhomo zazitali palimodzi, ikugwiritsa ntchito kasinthidwe wamba wa anode; ngati zikhomo zazitali zilumikizidwa ndi madoko a IO a microcontroller, ikugwiritsa ntchito kasinthidwe ka cathode wamba.
9.2 Voltage ndi mawonekedwe a LED
Kwa LED yomweyi, yokhala ndi voteji yofanana ndi doko, ngati "1" imayatsa nyali ya LED ndi "0" ikazimitsa, ikuwonetsa kasinthidwe wamba wa cathode. Apo ayi, ndi kasinthidwe wamba wa anode.
Mwachidule, kudziwa ngati microcontroller imagwiritsa ntchito cathode wamba kapena masinthidwe wamba a anode kumaphatikizanso kuyang'ana njira yolumikizira ya LED, mawonekedwe a / off ya LED, ndi voliyumu yotulutsa doko. Kuzindikira kasinthidwe koyenera ndikofunikira pakuwongolera koyenera kwa ma LED kapena zida zina zowonetsera.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za zowonetsera za LED,tiuzeni tsopano. RTLEDadzayankha mafunso anu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-24-2024